Where do travel eSIMs actually work?

For most of the world the answer is a boring yes. But in a handful of countries it is genuinely not — sanctions keep providers out entirely, state monopolies limit what you can buy, and some governments switch the internet off. These pages give the honest answer for each, along with live pricing from the providers that do stock them.

Works with caveats4 countries

eSIMs work here, but something specific — a state monopoly, infrastructure problems, or the risk of government-ordered shutdowns — makes the experience worse than the coverage map suggests.

Works normally6 countries

eSIMs work normally in these countries. The pages below cover which providers actually stock them, what they cost right now, and the local rules worth knowing before you buy.

What makes a country difficult?

Sanctions. Travel eSIMs depend on wholesale roaming agreements and the banking relationships behind them. Where sanctions bite, some providers leave the market entirely and those that stay buy through a narrower set of intermediaries. The result is a shorter catalogue and higher prices rather than nothing at all — Iran and Cuba are both still purchasable, at several times what neighbouring countries cost.

State monopolies. When one operator controls the whole market, every eSIM roams onto the same network. Paying more gets you a different bill, not a better connection. Cuba is the clearest example.

Internet shutdowns. Several governments have ordered national or regional shutdowns. No eSIM routes around one, because the outage is upstream of every network at once. Keep offline copies of maps and documents where this is a risk.

Content filtering. A working connection is not the same as a usable one. Where a country filters the internet, what you can reach depends on where your traffic exits the network rather than on your plan — which is why a travel eSIM in China usually reaches services a local SIM cannot.

Local number requirements. A travel eSIM gives you data, not a local phone number. Anything depending on an SMS code to a domestic number — M-Pesa in Kenya, some Indian banking and UPI flows — needs a local SIM regardless of how good your eSIM is.